• 7.92×57mm Ammo For Sale
• 7.92 57mm Mauser Vs 30 06

The 7.92×57mm Mauser (designated as the 8mm Mauser or 8×57mm by the SAAMI 2 and 8 × 57 IS by the C.I.P. 3) is a rimless bottlenecked rifle cartridge.The 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge was adopted by the German Empire in 1905, and was the German service cartridge in both World Wars.In its day, the 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge was one of the world’s most popular military cartridges.

• 5Proper designation should be 7,9 mm Mauser istead of 7,92
• 6Contemporary sources for the 8mm designations
  • 6.1Requested move following Wikipedia nomenclature
  • 6.2Requested move following Wikipedia nomenclature 2
  • 6.4Requested move following Wikipedia nomenclature 3

Derivative Cartridges?[edit]

I wonder if something should be mentioned about the derivative cartridges made from this one. Examples: 9x57mm, 10x57mm, 10.5x57mm, et al.

COMMENT:It would be helpful is this article depicted both the SAAMI and CIP drawings of this cartridge. They are not identical. Also, the drawing dates should be included. These sporting arms standards (SAAMI & CIP) have been revised over time. Since this cartridge was originally developed for military purposes, original dated milspec cartridge drawings should be included as well. —Preceding unsigned comment added by 66.217.228.118 (talk) 06:55, 25 October 2007 (UTC)

REPLY:SAAMI drawings are copyrighted. RCBS went to the lengths of hiring their own draftsman to recreate SAAMI drawings in their reloading manual, even though they are a SAAMI member. Don't know about CIP.HangFire (talk) —Preceding comment was added at 03:31, 20 July 2008 (UTC)

Re derivatives - it would be fine to have a section with them all in it. AliveFreeHappy (talk) 22:25, 22 September 2010 (UTC)

'German origin'[edit]

Just a little annotation: The German flag ist black-red-gold not black-white-gold as shown in thisarticle.user: tabalooga (German Wikipedia) 2th Oct 2010 9:37 CEST —Preceding unsigned comment added by 213.198.84.193 (talk) 07:39, 2 October 2010 (UTC)

As you should know from Geschichtsunterricht, the German Flag from 1888, when this cartridge was created, was black-white-red (black-white from Prussia, red for the Hansestädte). --Dingo (talk) 12:55, 31 October 2010 (UTC)

'Citation needed' - Tags[edit]

Removed two Template:cn-Tags by GraemeLeggett. Reasons:

Sometimes, the cartridge is called 7.92x57mm IS; this, however, seems to be a misnomer as no sources can be traced to Germany.^{[citation needed]}

That there are an awful lot of references to the 8x57 JS cartridge as '7.92' (or other 8mil cartridges, like 8x33 Polte etc.) seems to be above any doubt.

I can, however, not provide proof that 'no sources can be traced to Germany', and that's also not how it works.

I know of no sources in pre-war Germany that call the 8mil '7.92', and the C.I.P. dimensions do not include 7.92 mm (0.312 in) anywhere. Sources calling the cartridge '7.92' until now all have proved to be translations from US literature, quotations of US literature, or rip-offs of US literature. Neither C.I.P. nor SAAMI know of '7.92' as an official designation.

No one must provide quotations that show that there are NO sources calling something this-or-that. That's neigh impossible. One must provide, however, proof that there ARE sources calling something this-or-that. No such proof was found (and believe me, I did search) that 8x57JS was EVER called '7.92' in Germany w/o above exceptions in any context. Prove me wrong, and I am VERY MUCH oblieged, as it is a great mystery to me where the frack this '7.92' comes from.

So, this is no viable place for a 'Citation needed'-Tag. A place where somebody explained where the 7.92 came from would be; and a good source for that would solve a real mystery.

The 8x57mm ('8 mm Mauser') and 7x57mm ('7 mm Mauser') cartridges are not interchangeable; attempts to do so may cause damage or potential injury.^{[citation needed]}

Please reread the paragraph; it is trivial. Of course, two calibres that differ in one whole millimetre are not interchangeable. No proof needed there. I am a little bit confused that there had to be any mention of that. 8x57JS is also not interchangeable with 8x68S, 8x64 Brenneke, 7x64 Brenneke, or 9(x19) Parabellum, for that matter. --Dingo (talk) 15:41, 28 December 2010 (UTC)

This article was hit by a bot that clearly is not able to see what images and drawings show and using further common sense like looking at the mentioned bibliography. A main problem with the article however is that it deals with 4 different cartridges (the 8 x57 I(R) and 8 x57 I(R)S) according to CIP. CIP rules the origin country of these cartridges now and since their rulings have the force of law in CIP countries it is futile to complain on what CIP rules. Amongst hunters the I(R)S variants are still common and an excellent chambering choice for relatively short barreled hunting rifles. If we would follow the Wikipedia cartridge nomenclature system, which I found out not easy to change, the article should be named 8x57mm. The 4 cartridge variants can be explained in the text.--Francis Flinch (talk) 13:33, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

That was not a bot, that was an editor (perhaps being a bit heavy-handed with the tagging - opinions may differ) noting problems with the referencing on this article. The bot follows up by dating the taggings. It is still a requirement that statements are attributed to a source, else we do not know whether they are verifiable or not. It is not sufficient to say 'look at the source list' facts should be attributed to the sources (and page numbers are important here) so that they can be checked. GraemeLeggett (talk) 14:26, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

Fair enough, but the editor should start to tag the .30-06 Springfield and many other Wikipedia ammunition articles likewise. They are generally not much better/comfortable referenced.--Francis Flinch (talk) 18:31, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

They may choose to do so, and then again they may not. Equally if you feel that an article needs its shortcoings flagged up then you can do, or not as you wish. GraemeLeggett (talk) 19:40, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

I am sorry. This cn-orgy is a little bit excessive.

Also rimmed 8x57mm IR and 8x57mm IRS variants were developed for break barrel type rifles and combination guns.citation needed

Beside the 8x57mm IS rifle cartridge also a rimmed version for break-action rifles exist.[citation needed] The rimmed 8x57mm IRS variant is offered as a chambering option in European break-action rifles.[citation needed]

This is so trivial, look at ANY European reloading manual. What should be cited? That there ARE 8x57 IR and 8x57 IRS? Or that flanged cartridges are developed for break-action rifles? Both is trivial and can be confirmed by the search engine of your least mistrust.

The mainly European arms standards body Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives ('Permanent International Commission for portable firearms testing') - an organisation for standards in ammuntion for civilian use - currently designates two 8 mm cartridges of 57 mm case length.[citation needed]

Look at the C.I.P. catalogue. Trivial.

Sometimes, the cartridge is called 7.92x57mm IS; this, however, seems to be a misnomer as no sources can be traced to Germany.[citation needed]

Thank you SO VERY MUCH for responding to my remarks above. <sarcasm off> And HOW should that be cited? 'It is not in the Bible. It is not in German military instruction books ('Patrone 7.9'). It is not in Götz, Die deutschen Militärgewehre und Maschinenpistolen 1870-1945. It is not in 'Harry Potter'. It is not in..'?!? You find a source, and delete the sentence. You find none, and the sentence is viable.

Please, be reasonable with the cn-tags. --Dingo (talk) 20:22, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

• Sometimes the cartridge..misnomer..no sources..' - this sentence makes a statement that relies upon absence of evidence to make an assertion. Now it may be that this sentence came from a source that says it is a misnomer and that the source of that misnomer is unknown but otherwise it is a potential synthesis. Your statement 'You find a source, and delete the sentence. You find none, and the sentence is viable.' reverses a stated policy of Wikipedia (Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence).

For good understanding I add that the C.I.P. TDCC is an extensive PDF document that shows no page numbers at the individual cartridge datasheet level.--Francis Flinch (talk) 21:34, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

That's because every new calibre can be inserted into the compilation without further alterations. I have given the PDF-page-numbers.--Dingo (talk) 22:39, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

7.92mm dispute[edit]

So long, and thanks for the fish. It is a pity that there seems to be users who are unwilling or unable to contribute AND have admins that will back them even if sourcing and arguments are provided. I will go for a permanent block, and not 'disrupt' WP any longer with strenuous sourcing work and verifiable sources. Pity for the hours providing the sources. Dingo (talk) 00:41, 30 December 2010 (UTC) —Preceding unsigned comment added by 93.197.182.88 (talk)

Proper designation should be 7,9 mm Mauser istead of 7,92[edit]

Reading this text about German military arms I have noticed constantly repeated mistake in designation of ammunition used for K 35 rifle or MG 18, or MG 42 machine gun. As far as I have learned the original designation of the caliber should be 8x57mm IS where 8mm stands for rounded measure of the bullet in milimeters, 57 for length of case, I for 'Infanterie' - the infantry, and S for 'Spitzgeschoss' or pointed nose bullet. Shorter name should be 8mmS, or concerning the artillery habit to designate caliber according to the diameter over fields of the barrel: 7,9mm. In addition to the famous inventor and manufacturer of the bolt action rifle military designation should be 7,9mm Mauser. 8x57IS stays more as civil designation for sporting/hunting rifles and ammunition. Just before the WWI German army introduced new ammunition and chambering 8x57IS for standard Mauser Model 1889 bolt action infantry rifle, till then chambered only for 8x57I. New caliber differed from previous, by slightly larger diameter (7.89mm over fields and 8,20mm over grooves) and another more obvious feature - pointed full metal jacket bullet, demanding new extrusion/pressing manufacturing technologies, but offering better ballistic performances compared to his predcessor with slightly smaller diameter (7,81mm over fields and 8,10mm over grooves) with prominent round-nosed bullet and 'civil' designation 8x57I. Important consequence that distinguishes this two calibers, which was the probable intention of the designer, was interchangeability: you could shoot 8x57I from both rifles (chambered for 8x57I and 8x57IS), but if you try to shoot 8x57IS round from 8x57I chambered rifle, damage to the rifle, with severe consequences for the shooter are inevitable.Still ,mostly in some private collections you could find rifles chambered for 8x57I cartridge, and famous German ammunition factory RWS still produces this ammunition.Mistake in designation 7,92mm probably was caused by byrocratic inertia, due to the often, but quite correct transcription of the famoust US .30-06 Springfield caliber in metric measures as 7,62x63mm (0,300 in x 25,4mm/in = 7,62mm). The same is with Soviet/Russian standard rifle caliber from both WWs 7,62x54R (R is for 'Rand' in German or 'flange' in English), more recent well known 7,62x39AK47, or modern NATO machine gun ammunition caliber 7,62x51mm originally .308 Winchester cartridge designed in 1951 to replace .30-06, with same bullet but shorter, more compact case where .308 stands for diameter of the barrel measured over grooves (.308in = 7,82mm) which is, in fact diameter of all .30 or .300 or .308 designated bullets.Please avoid the mistake; designation '7,92mm' just doesn't have any sense. For now on choose between 7,9mm Mauser or, more correct 8x57IS as designation for certain firearms caliber.

Kind regards,

George B. Vukovic M.Sc. Mech.Eng.Beograd,Serbia^[1]

There sure seem to be an awful lot of books that refer to it as 7.92 - in either case where we have two or more names with redirects, as many of the cartridges do, the redirect will handle getting the reader to the correct article. If you think we're missing a redirect just let me know. AliveFreeHappy (talk) 22:22, 22 September 2010 (UTC)

Is it possible that this mistake originated simply as a result of visual similarity of numbers: 7.92 versus 7.62? --Kubanczyk (talk) 08:54, 17 February 2011 (UTC)

The 8x57mm_IS#British_military_ammunition section might be a start to explain where the 7.92 mm tag originates from. The references of the Besa machine gun article make frequent use of 7.92 and 7,92 mm where the ammunition used by this British machine gun used in British armored vehicles is mentioned.--Francis Flinch (talk) 18:05, 17 February 2011 (UTC)

Requested move[edit]

The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: Article moved, listed for over 3 weeks with no objections 07:38, 22 November 2010 (UTC)

7.92x57mm Mauser → 8x57 IS — Relisted. Vegaswikian (talk) 19:18, 14 November 2010 (UTC)Relisted. Vegaswikian (talk) 21:33, 7 November 2010 (UTC) Correct C.I.P. Designation. '7.92x57' seems to be a USA-speciality, probably due to shooting regulations (caliber < 8mm?) Dingo (talk) 12:55, 31 October 2010 (UTC)

• The Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives, the permanent commission regarding firearms, lists this caliber as 8x57(mm) IS. The C.I.P. with members like Russia, Great Britain and many European and American states, is something like a standardisation commission.
• As far as I could find, the caliber 8x57IS was never known as '7.92'. Even the military designation was 'Patrone 7,9mm', 'Cartridge 7.9mm'. Barrels of two Gewehr 98 I could find are stamped '7,9'.
• The brass length, 'x57 IS', was never used in conjunction with the field diameter '7.9mm'; it's either 'Cartridge 7.9mm', or '8x57 JS'.

The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

German military designation?[edit]

I'm a little at a loss about the 'German military designation'-part.

I heard about '7.92x57mm' only in US-based publications. I have consulted now 'Reibert, Der Dienstunterricht im Heere', 1940-edition, and 'Der Karabiner', Heinz Denckler-Verlag Berlin C2. Both call the caliber of the lands in the barrel of the rifle '7,9 mm'; the ammunition is just 'Scharfe Patrone S (Spitzgeschoß)' (Life Cartridge S (Spitz(er)-Bullet)). In a tract about the different bullets for the cartridge (sS - schweres Spitzgeschoß, SmK Spitz mit Kern, Leuchtspur - heavy Spitzer, Spitzer with (steel-)Core, Tracer..), the caliber is called just '7,9mm'.

In the civil sector, the caliber was just called '8x57 IS', or, as in German capital I and J were often synonymous, '8x57 JS'.

Now:

• Anybody a source where the '2' in '7.92' comes from?
• Anybody a German military source pre-1945 where the '7.92x57' or '7.92x57mm'-designation is used?

There are some sources (normally civilian) post-1945 who use '7.92x57' (eg, German wikipedia) - this is, however, just from US-sources.

I will make a paragraph about the cartridge in the Wehrmacht. From the main paragraph, I will delete the 'German military'-part until further sources.

So long, --Dingo (talk) 13:18, 31 October 2010 (UTC)

References

1. ^Act of Normalisation of Rifle calibers DIN, DEVA, RWS publications

Contemporary sources for the 8mm designations[edit]

After MFIreland began an Edit War in 7.92x33mm Kurz, here are my sources and how they represent the 8mm cartridges:

• see paragraph above for military instruction books of WW2 and Kar 98k
• Kürschner, Joseph: ARMEE UND MARINE o.J. (um 1905), Hamburg, Hansa ‹See Tfd›(in German): 7.9mm (no length)
• DVP Nr. 69 'Die Maschinenpistole 44', Hauptverwaltung der deutschen Volkspolizei, Ministerium des Inneren der DDR, Berlin 1950: 8x33 Polte - German: Pistolenpatrone 43, Kaliber 7,9 mm kurz. 8x57 IS: German: Patrone 7,9mm für den Karabiner. (P.28, Die scharfe Patrone)‹See Tfd›(in German)
• D 1854/3 Sturmgewehr 44, Gebrauchsanleitung vom 3.6.44, Veränderter Nachdruck Dez. 44, p.3 'A. Allgemeines - 3. Munition': German: Kurzpatrone 43, früher: Pistolenmunition 43, 6. Maße und Gewichte, Kaliber: 7,9 mm‹See Tfd›(in German)
• D 1853/1 Maschinenkarabiner 42(W) vom 25.02.1943, p. 15, J. Munition: German: Aus dem Maschinenkarabiner 42(W) wird die Pistolen-Munition 43 verschossen. P.5: Kaliber 7,9mm.‹See Tfd›(in German)
• Der Karabiner 88 nebst Munition, Berlin 1891: p.3: Der Durchmesser des Laufes von Feld zu Feld gemessen - das Kaliber - beträgt 7,9mm. 8x57 I: 'Die scharfe Patrone 88' (p.31) ‹See Tfd›(in German)
• Hans-Dieter Götz, Die deutschen Militärgewehre und Maschinenpistolen, Stuttgart 1974, ISBN3-87943-550-X Parameter error in {{ISBN}}: Invalid ISBN.:‹See Tfd›(in German)
  • 8x33 kurz: p.199, Polte: 'Polte solved the problem by shortening the 7.9mm standard cartridge.
  • 8x57 IS: p.81: Patrone 88 (8x57); p.134: S-Patrone (8x57)

Conclusion: By all those sources, it can be statet that:

• in instruction manuals, the calibre was deemed unimportant. It was given as the calibre of the barrel, field-to-field.
• nomenclature of the cartridges was by name: Patrone 88 (8x57 I), S-Patrone (8x57 IS), Pistolen-Munition / Pistolenpatrone 43 or Kurzpatrone 43 (pistol cartridge / ammunition 43, short cartridge 43).
• ALL metric or imperial diameter naming was 'civvies'.
• By comparing all sources, a common military designation of 7.9mm can be established (WITHOUT cartridge / brass length).
• Unknown is where the '2' in 7.92 comes from - but if you read the discussion, you knew that already. Even if it can be found in a source, at least regarding Germany, it was very uncommon.
• The claim that the calibre name of 7.92mm was the 'official German military designation' has been disproved. It is wrong.

I hope that brings the discussion back to the subject and averts further Edit wars and cn-orgys (WP:DND). No, this was NOT all the literature there is about the weapons and calibres. But I dare say that it is a very good sample. --Dingo (talk) 21:09, 29 December 2010 (UTC)

Requested move following Wikipedia nomenclature[edit]

The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page moved. Vegaswikian (talk) 19:43, 27 January 2011 (UTC)

8x57 IS → 8x57mm IS — Relisted. Vegaswikian (talk) 08:01, 20 January 2011 (UTC)

Survey[edit]

Feel free to state your position on the renaming proposal by beginning a new line in this section with*''Support''or*''Oppose'', then sign your comment with~~~~. Since polling is not a substitute for discussion, please explain your reasons, taking into account Wikipedia's policy on article titles.

• Support. It is good practice to use nomenclature that is consistent/in line with how Wikipedia denotes cartridges to keep things as recognizable/uniform as possible; see Wikipedia:Article titles. I know the designation 8x57mm IS is not used by the C.I.P. (8 x 57 IS) nor the SAAMI (8x57 or 8mm Mauser). The 8x57mm IS nomenclature is however in line with the metric cartridge nomenclature used in Wikipedia; A x Bmm Other stuff. The current 8x57 IS nomenclature is not used by the C.I.P., the SAAMI nor Wikipedia. The 8x57mm IS nomenclature would be consistent with the nomenclature used in the Category:Pistol and rifle cartridges and Category:Military cartridges lists. --Francis Flinch (talk) 13:00, 3 January 2011 (UTC)

• Support. Not sure that this is covered by any existing guideline, but it should be. Andrewa (talk) 06:04, 21 January 2011 (UTC)

Discussion[edit]

The link on the moves for discussion bounces you up to the previous closed discussion. That technical matter aside, is the addition of the 'mm' necessary? As it stands it is in line with at least one official designation and there are plenty of redirects to pick up on it? GraemeLeggett (talk) 13:35, 3 January 2011 (UTC)

Redirects or needs do not matter much when naming Wikipedia articles. It is good practice to use nomenclature that is consistent/in line with how Wikipedia denotes cartridges to keep things as recognizable/uniform as possible; see Wikipedia:Article titles. Remind Wikipedia is an encyclopedia for the general public, and the rulings and points of view of official C.I.P. or SAAMI (sub)commissions, ammunition manufacturers, etc. do not apply for Wikipedia's article description policies. I once tried to introduce C.I.P. and SAAMI nomenclature fields in the Infobox used for cartridges, but failed to convince the Wikipedia Firearms community.-Francis Flinch (talk) 19:35, 3 January 2011 (UTC)

Have you (considered) flagging this discussion up on the talk page for the Firearms and Military History projects? It might draw in some commentators. GraemeLeggett (talk) 20:06, 3 January 2011 (UTC)

I was hoping to look in a copy of Janes Infantry Weapons (albeit an older copy) to see what name they used (I suspected 7.92 was in it somewhere) but I appear to have car-booted it, so that's a non starter.GraemeLeggett (talk) 10:00, 4 January 2011 (UTC)

The problem is this is a discussion about article naming policy not history (though historic and locally differing naming of this cartridge is worth mentioning) or points of view. My personal opinion is pointless, since Wikipedia already has a standard regarding naming ammunition articles. This standard is a Wikipedia method which deviates from C.I.P., SAAMI and NATO standards. To be honest C.I.P. and SAAMI do not even represent a population of 1 billion people, so the ideas and rulings of these organizations do not have to be followed by an encyclopedia intended for a global public.--Francis Flinch (talk) 19:42, 17 January 2011 (UTC)

This move is pointless, there is NO SUCH CARTRIDGE (sorry to shout) as 8x57IS or 8x57mm IS. There is an SAAMI (American) cartridge designation of 8mm Mauser a.k.a. 8x57JS (note 'J' not 'I'), and a German military designation of 7,92x57mm IS. Both names being discussed are some odd admixture of the two proper names. However, I've fought this battle many times before, and there are some very adamant people here who insist on getting it wrong.HangFire (talk) 21:00, 11 January 2011 (UTC)

Your point of view seems USA centric. In Germany (one of the C.I.P. memberstates) the cartridge is named 8 x 57 IS the last few decades for civilians by force of law. The I stands for Infantry not for Jnfantry. The English speaking community once misread old German typefaces. Most contemporary Germans also have a hard time reading these old typefaces, so making such a mistake is totally understandable. German ammunition manufacturers often even write JS instead of IS to avoid confusing US readers.--Francis Flinch (talk) 19:55, 16 January 2011 (UTC)

The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Requested move following Wikipedia nomenclature 2[edit]

The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: page moved per request. - GTBacchus^(talk) 21:50, 16 September 2011 (UTC)

7.92×57mm → 8×57mm IS – It is good practice to use nomenclature that is consistent/in line with how Wikipedia denotes cartridges to keep things as recognizable/uniform as possible; see Wikipedia:Article titles. I know the designation 8×57mm IS is not used by the C.I.P. (8 x 57 IS) nor the SAAMI (8x57 or 8mm Mauser). The 8×57mm IS nomenclature is however in line with the metric cartridge nomenclature used in Wikipedia; A x Bmm Other stuff. The current 7.92×57mm nomenclature is not used by the C.I.P., the SAAMI nor Wikipedia. The 8×57mm IS nomenclature would be consistent with the nomenclature used in the Category:Pistol and rifle cartridges and Category:Military cartridges lists.

Is it possible for a moderator to protect this article's name against moves since we have had similar discussions several times (see previous discussions above)?--Francis Flinch (talk)--Francis Flinch (talk) 08:01, 9 September 2011 (UTC)

Survey[edit]

Feel free to state your position on the renaming proposal by beginning a new line in this section with*''Support''or*''Oppose'', then sign your comment with~~~~. Since polling is not a substitute for discussion, please explain your reasons, taking into account Wikipedia's policy on article titles.

• Support. --Francis Flinch (talk) 13:36, 9 September 2011 (UTC)

Discussion[edit]

The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

7.92 nomenclature in Poland and GB?[edit]

First, it is good that User:MFIreland got the boot. Now, based on standardised nomenclature, real work can be done. C.I.P. and SAAMI agree that it is 8x57 IS, and not '7.92'.

Now, it may be that the '7.92mm' was used in Great Britain, Poland and probably Czechoslovakia, both Poland and Czechoslovakia working together with GB as part of the Cordon Sanitaire in the Interwar Period. Perhaps the task forces for those countries in the 'Military History'-portal could check this?

EVEN IF the nomenclature is confirmed (which would be no wonder, as it is awfully widespread), it rests a fact that the vast majority of 8x57 weapons were produced in Germany and the Central Powers/Axis and were designated 8x57 (civil) or 7.9mm (military). It was even a law in parts of the German states that hunters and marksmen had to have their rifles in the ordonance calibre of the military. (The prussian minister of war noted 'with concern' that sporting rifles had no longer bayonet lugs in the late 19th century.) The designation of the calibre was and is 8x57 I(nfantrie)S(pitz), and that is confirmed by BOTH C.I.P. and SAAMI.

So even after the '7.92' riddle is solved, there is NO NEED to move the article as the most common designation is 8mm. --Hornsignal (talk) 09:35, 7 October 2011 (UTC)

Requested move following Wikipedia nomenclature 3[edit]

The following discussion is an archived discussion of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

No consensus to move. Given the move history from the discussions above, I'm surprised to see it at this name which was apparently not discussed and seems to be one of the first names for this article. If any further moves are contemplated they should only be done after a public discussion that garners a consensus. Vegaswikian (talk) 06:41, 24 January 2012 (UTC)

7.92 x 57mm Mauser → 8×57mm IS – It is good practice to use nomenclature that is consistent/in line with how Wikipedia denotes cartridges to keep things as recognizable/uniform as possible; see Wikipedia:Article titles. I know the designation 8×57mm IS is not used by the C.I.P. (8 x 57 IS) nor the SAAMI (8x57 or 8mm Mauser). The 8×57mm IS nomenclature is however in line with the metric cartridge nomenclature used in Wikipedia; AxBmm Other stuff. The current 7.92 × 57mm Mauser nomenclature is not used by the C.I.P. (The United Kingdom is a C.I.P. member state), the SAAMI nor Wikipedia. The 8×57mm IS nomenclature would be consistent with the nomenclature used in the Category:Pistol and rifle cartridges and Category:Military cartridges lists. Further I can not find an image of a 7.92 × 57mm Mauser marked box of cartridges. Images of ammunition boxes containing military 7.9 ammunition and 8×57 I(R)S and 8×57 J(R)S ammunition for export to the Anglo-Saxon market can be easily found. Is it possible for a moderator to protect this article's name against moves since we have had similar discussions several times (see previous discussions above)?relisted----Francis Flinch (talk) 09:09, 10 January 2012 (UTC)relisted--Mike Cline (talk) 15:31, 2 January 2012 (UTC) --Francis Flinch (talk)--Francis Flinch (talk) 08:01, 26 December 2011 (UTC)

Survey[edit]

Feel free to state your position on the renaming proposal by beginning a new line in this section with*''Support''or*''Oppose'', then sign your comment with~~~~. Since polling is not a substitute for discussion, please explain your reasons, taking into account Wikipedia's policy on article titles.

• Support. See above. --Francis Flinch (talk) 13:36, 26 December 2011 (UTC)
• OpposeGunnai (talk) 15:02, 26 December 2011 (UTC)

Since consensus is formed according to the quality of reasoning and not a vote, this isn't very helpful. Please explain why you oppose. (Hohum^@) 02:33, 8 January 2012 (UTC)

• Undecided The CIP/SAAMI designation is a point in favor of using the 8 mm designation (as well as the fact that the Germans themselves used 8 mm) However, it seems that both the British and American military used 7.92 mm, a point against using 8 mm as the name. As this is the English wikipedia that carries some weight, IMO. (The 7.92 designation also seems common in contemporary English language literature) I don't know what should carry more weight so I can't really say yes or no on the issue.--Sus scrofa (talk) 11:59, 28 December 2011 (UTC)
• Tending to oppose - one determinator should be what the general consensus of reliable sources refer to it. SAAMI and CIP are two standards bodies (and have their good reasons for consistent and accurate naming) but if they are outweighed by a large number or sources their contribution lessens. While consistent naming may be useful in wikipedia, it is not the be-all-and-end-all eg SAAMI refer to 9 mm Luger where many others call it the 9mm Parabellum and the article is at 9×19mm Parabellum (is there another 9x19mm round?). Another aspect is the ENGVAR question - what do those specifically English language sources call it? That said whichever the outcome - it would be prudent to ask for administrator opinion on a moveblock. GraemeLeggett (talk) 17:31, 2 January 2012 (UTC)
• Oppose. I own a number of books about weapons and warfare, and ALL of them refer to 7.92 or 7.92x57. I have never, before I came across the Wikipedia article, seen it refered to as 8mm. It seems to me that in the vast majority of books written in English, 7.92 is the preferred designation. Also, when the calibre was used in armed forces of English-speaking countries, they have used 7.92 as the designation. -- Cabalamat (talk) 11:25, 13 January 2012 (UTC)

The above discussion is preserved as an archive of the proposal. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page. No further edits should be made to this section.

Cleanup reversions[edit]

I improved the readability of some tables and did some (imo) non controversial CE. This has been reverted twice without comment by Gunnai. I notice that he simply deletes anything put on his talk page, so I invite his and other opinions here. (Hohum^@) 02:28, 8 January 2012 (UTC)

German WW2 ball ammo photos[edit]

I took some photos of some German WW2 ammunition that I have, I uploaded it to commons, can somebody place it in the main 7.92x57mm Wiki article?

Thanks!

— Preceding unsigned comment added by Arielnyc2006 (talk • contribs) 20:34, 27 January 2012 (UTC)

Spitzer with core[edit]

I took a photograph of WW2 German 7.92x57 'Spitzer with core' yellow bullet, red annulus color, can somebody place it in the 7.92x57mm Wiki?

Thanks!˜˜˜˜ — Preceding unsigned comment added by Arielnyc2006 (talk • contribs) 02:47, 30 January 2012 (UTC)

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File%3AWorld_War_2_German_7.92x57IS_Spitzer_with_core.JPG— Preceding unsigned comment added by Arielnyc2006 (talk • contribs) 02:44, 30 January 2012 (UTC)

1888 pattern M/88 ammunition and conversion to 1905 pattern 7.92x57mm Mauser/8x57mm IS[edit]

The Gewehr 888 originally chambered for the M/88 service cartridge. In 1905, after a service period of 17 years, the 8 mm M/88 cartridge which was introduced in 1888 and loaded with a 8.08 mm (.318 in) diameter 14.6 g (226 gr) round nose bullet was replaced by the 8x57mm IS/7.92×57mm Mauser service cartridge which was loaded with a new 8.20 mm (.323 in) diameter 9.9 g (154 gr) spitzer bullet. The introduction of this new service ammunition offered improved accuracy and a flatter trajectory at the price that the existing military rifle stock had to be rechambered and rebarreled. Esthablishing to chambering of a Gewehr 1888 is important the 1888 pattern M/88 cartridge and 1905 S-bore pattern cartridges are two different non interchangeable chamberings. Besides the military developed S-bore a narrower I-bore was developed by civilian gunsmiths according to the groove and bore diameter ratio principles used in the S-bore to improve the M/88 accuracy whist retaining the smaller projectile diameter of the M/88. This ammunition is in 2012 known as the 8x57 I. Just like the 8x57 IS the 8x57 I chambering differs from the parental M/88 chambering. The original military M/88 chambering is not factory produced anymore and has effectively been replaced by the civilian 8x57 I chambering that can be fired safely from historic rifles (besides using larger diameter bullets the 8x57 IS has a higher service pressure). Logic dictates that firing 8x57 I from 8x57 IS chambered arms will have adverse effects on accuracy. The article 8×57mm IS cartridge portrait - Totgesagte leben länger, Wild und Hund 11/2006 ‹See Tfd›(in German) explains the history from M/88 to 8x57 mm IS and 8x57mm I from military and civilian use perspectives in even more detail.--Francis Flinch (talk) 13:58, 29 January 2012 (UTC)

False References[edit]

This article has several False Reference that make no mention of 7.92mm, 8mm or whatever you want to call it ammo. I have tried to remove them myself but other users continue to restore them..Also, there is an effort to maintain reference links that have been dead for over a year..I can only assume that this is being done to artificially inflate the number of references in this article and to support questionable information. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.22.156.40 (talk) 17:35, 1 February 2012 (UTC)

Making mistakes is human and I did make some mistakes whist conducting a complex restoration of the article for which I apologize. The information from organizations like C.I.P. and SAAMI is not questionable. Also the information from military (intelligence) sources seems sound, though it conflicts with what the C.I.P. and the SAAMI published. In C.I.P. member states military organizations however do not have to comply to C.I.P. rulings. What gun magazines wrote is sometimes questionable, since it sometimes conflicted with the standardizing bodies of the countries in which these magazines are based. Remind however for American civilian sources that the SAAMI can not issue rulings that have the power of law as the C.I.P. can. European gun magazines tend to keep nearer to the present laws of the county in which they are based. Sadly the C.I.P. opted to remove the (copyrighted) TDCC 2007 PDF file as a free download from their website. I regret that decision, since this document is an important document regarding understanding present law and the vast amount of accompanying technical concepts and data in the C.I.P. member states. For those who like to obtain the TDCC it is probably for sale as a CD-ROM or on (a lot of) paper at C.I.P. facilities like the Birmingham Proof House. If not such facilities can probably help in finding a way to obtain the C.I.P. TDDC.--Francis Flinch (talk) 18:42, 1 February 2012 (UTC)

Delete 8mm cartridges compared section[edit]

I believe that the '8mm cartridges compared' section is supposed to show that there are five other 8mm type cartridges, that they have higher muzzle velocities than the 7.92mm, for five different bullet weights and that they also have greater case capacities. However, nowhere in the section is there a single muzzle velocity or case capacity listed. It only shows percentages. This is not only confusing it seems rather pointless. It has been flagged for over a year..I recommend that we delete the entire section..I cannot imagine that it will be missed. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.22.156.40 (talk) 05:52, 2 February 2012 (UTC)

There are many other 8 mm chamberings than listed in the table. The 8 mm metric pattern cartridge family is comparable to the .30 inch pattern cartridge family. Chamberings like the 8x57mm IS and .308 Winchester/7.62x51mm NATO are at the lower end in these chambering spectrums. Such cartridges are however desirable for military users (favorable internal ballistic efficiency, efficient use of materials, moderate muzzle velocities and wear, muzzle velocity does not drop excessively when combined with relatively short barrels, etc.). The mentioned cartridges are just ones that are commercially loaded and hence probably the most proliferated ones. If you intend to delete this section I can live with that.--Francis Flinch (talk) 08:59, 2 February 2012 (UTC)

The opening section is too long and overly detailed[edit]

The opening section is too long and overly detailed…It should be limited to one paragraph; I recommend that we simplify it as follows..

The 7.92×57mm Mauser (aka; 8 x 57 IS, 8x57mm and 8mm Mauser) is a rimless bottlenecked high-powered rifle cartridge that was adopted in 1905, by the German Empire. It remained in German service throughout both World Wars. In its day, the 7.92mm cartridge was one the world’s most popular military cartridges. The 7.92mm remains a popular sport and hunting cartridge.

The “Development” section should also be cleaned up as follows..

The 7.92mm cartridge was based on the earlier M/88 cartridge. The M/88 parent cartridge used a round-nosed bullet that was designed to be top-loaded into the magazine of the Gewehr 1888 rifle via an en bloc clip. The new 1905 pattern cartridge used a lighter aerodynamic bullet. The resulting cartridge had a higher velocity, a flatter trajectory and improved long-range accuracy. It was used in various rifles and machineguns; most notably the Mauser 98 type rifles and MG 42 machineguns.

The 7.92mm cartridge cases have been used as parent cases for several other necked down and necked up cartridges. A rimmed variant, the 8×57mm IRS, was also developed for single shot rifles and combination guns.

The deleted information is unnecessary or already included into other sections of this article. See explanations below…The opening section..

First paragraph…The SAAMI and C.I.P. references are not necessary…The “IS” and “JS” explanation is also unnecessary and fully explained elsewhere in the article.

Second paragraph…The first sentence is explained in the “Development” section. The rest of the paragraph is unnecessary information that has nothing to do with the 7.92mm cartridge.

Third paragraph…This redundant paragraph attempts to explain information contained in the opening sentence. Also, said information is repeated elsewhere in the article.

Fourth paragraph…The information contained in this paragraph is fully explained within its own section elsewhere in the article.

The “Development” section was simply cleaned up, and two stray sentences combined to form a second paragraph— Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.22.156.40 (talk) 17:46, 3 February 2012 (UTC)Actually it is not entirely accurate, every 8mm Mauser shell I have seen, and shot are rimmed versions, and they were all sourced from Germany. Yes they are usually used for sporting rifles, but are absolutely considered 8mm Mauser Shells i.e. rice paper like sheet included in the case of shells states 7.92x57 designated 8mm Mauser Rimmed. After reading this wiki I did some research and found it is not an uncommon or rare shell so should be included in opening statement. ^[1] --2602:306:CF5B:6C80:A970:5A61:8AF6:B873 (talk) 18:06, 10 April 2014 (UTC)ShotShooter

References

Cartridge naming section[edit]

Cartridge naming section is too long and unnecessary detailed..I recommend the simple list that follows..

Cartridge naming

Current military and NATO designations:

• 7.92x57mm Mauser 7.92x57mm 7.92mm

Where can we find proof? Current NATO use? References on the internet?

Current European commercial or C.I.P. designations:

• 8x57 I 8x57 IS

No, the C.I.P. rules these are 2 different rifle cartridges. Logically the C.I.P. also distinguishes 2 associated and hence differing chamberings. 8 x 57 I was developed by civilians from the M/88 for civilian use after the 8 x 57 IS.

Current North American commercial and SAAMI designations:

• 7.92x57mm Mauser 7.92x57mm 8mm Mauser 8×57mm

Are there pictures of American made 7.92x57mm Mauser/7.92x57mm designated commercial packaging boxes on the internet available?

Obsolete Germany military designations:

• Infanterie, Spitzgeschoß…In English; 'Infantry, Pointed (projectile)”
• 7,9mm IS 7,9mm JS 7,9 IS 7,9 JS IS JS

Where can we find proof? References on the internet?

Obsolete British military designations:

• Cartridge, SA, 7.92 — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.22.156.40 (talk) 04:40, 12 February 2012 (UTC)

Added some thoughts regarding the above. The designation/nomenclature of this cartridge is cultural and epoch dependent, but Wikipedia needs references before adding information into articles. These references do not need to be in English. We are dealing with a German cartridge that was and is used internationally.--Francis Flinch (talk) 20:27, 12 February 2012 (UTC)

All of the above information was taken from the article itself..I agree..most of it is questionable information that should be deleted..therefore:

1) We both agree that all references to the following designations within this article be deleted..

• Infanterie, Spitzgeschoß…In English; 'Infantry, Pointed (projectile)”
• 7,9mm IS 7,9mm JS 7,9 IS 7,9 JS IS JS

2) We should also delete the 8mm I information from this article as it's easily confused with 8mm IS. And, add a very clearly worded safety warning.

3) We should then add Jane's Information Group references explaining the origins of 7.92mm designations (i.e. the Germans lost WW2..Germany was then occupied by the allied powers..by the time West Germany joined NATO it was American and British controlled club..and English language designations were and remain the official NATO designations.) A simple Google search for “Jane's 7.92mm” will provide thousands of Jane’s references…take your pick…see:[2]

4) In the United States, a large amount of surplus military 7.92mm ammo is sold in the original military packaging…as 7.92mm. A simple Google search for “7.92mm ammo” will provide you with 7.92mm head-stamp pictures…see:[3]

That seems to be Canadian made ammunition. Remind Canada had strong ties with Great Britain during WW2, so the 7.92 head stamp is not surprising.

7.92×57mm Ammo For Sale

So, I recommend the following changes to the list…

Cartridge naming

Military and NATO designations: (insert Jane's Information Group references here)

*7.92x57mm Mauser 7.92x57mm 7.92mm Mauser

European commercial or C.I.P. designations:

*8x57 IS

Nothing wrong with explaining where 'IS' historically comes from.

North American military surplus, commercial and SAAMI designations:

*7.92x57mm Mauser 7.92x57mm 7.92mm Mauser 8mm Mauser 8×57mm

WARNING: THE 8x57 IS AND 8x57 I ARE NOT THE SAME CARTRIDGE AND ARE NOT INTERCHANGEABLE.

A good idea.

Any additional designations can be easily added in the future, by using the same format…What do you think?

Unfortunately Jane's has nothing to do with designating NATO chambers. Much is explained in the NATO EPVAT testing article. There are only 4 NATO chambers (5.56 NATO, 7.62 NATO, 9 NATO and 12.7 NATO). All other small arms ammunition for use in 'non-NATO Chamber' weapons is treated by NATO Army Armaments Group as defined by the current C.I.P. legislation. The round this article deals with would currently be designated and tested by NAAG like C.I.P. currently does. The Wachbataillon is a German unit that still uses the Karabiner 98k for ceremonial duties including firing blanks at shows. Their normal service rifle however is the Heckler & Koch G36 so NATO use of this 'non-NATO Chamber' ammunition is virtually non existent.

I think it is a good idea to leave the historical British and US military designations in the article since they used the 7.92 mm wording that obviously lead to all sorts of nomenclature distortions, though not one dimension found in the cartridge and chamber drawings is actually 7.92 mm.--Francis Flinch (talk) 09:23, 13 February 2012 (UTC)

All I am proposing here is a simple list…that the reader can use as a quick reference…that gives the various names and designations for the 7.92mm cartridge…without needless confusing commentary and explanations. Perhaps the following list is better suited to this article….

Cartridge naming

The 7.92mm cartridge is also known by the following designations:

*8x57 IS

*7.92x57mm Mauser

*7.92x57mm

*7.92mm Mauser

*8mm Mauser

*8×57mm

*7,9mm

WARNING: THE 8x57 IS AND 8x57 I ARE NOT THE SAME CARTRIDGE AND ARE NOT INTERCHANGEABLE.

I even put the C.I.P designation at the top of the list.

Also..

1) Before the adoption of the 7.62mm NATO, the 7.92mm as well as the .303 British, .30-06, .30 Carbine, 7.5mm French, 6.5mm Carcano, etc. were all used by NATO countries. As such they all have NATO designations. In fact, the 7.92mm is currently being used by Croatia in several weapon systems and Croatia is a member of NATO.http:[4]

2) Jane's Information Group is the world foremost military and firearms encyclopedia. To suppress every attempt to add a Jane's reference to this article, all the while adding references to dated, obscure books, written in German, by obscure authors show tremendous bias.

3) I have no problem explaining the origin of IS. However, it does not need to be explained in every section. We simply explain it once and move on.

4) This article is not about C.I.P. It is about the 7.92mm cartridge. Constantly referring to C.I.P in every paragraph is unnecessary. It gives the impression that it is only being done to suppress all other information.

C.I.P. has “the power of Law” as stated in the article several times, over commercial firearms and ammunition production in only a dozen European nations. It has NO POWER over military or government production. It has NO POWER outside of Europe. While I have no problem including C.I.P. information in this article, it is not the ONLY information that should be included in this article. To suppress all other information shows tremendous bias. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.22.156.40 (talk) 19:12, 13 February 2012 (UTC)

Sorry, I misunderstood your intention to clarify the cultural and historical chaos around this chambering. Can you provide the STANAG number for 7.92 NATO used by Croatia? If you can not find the appropriate STANAG; not every chambering currently used in NATO armies has a STANAG number. Where no NATO STANAG's are available NATO decided to primarily follow C.I.P. though NATO armies can and do deviate from C.I.P. rulings to their liking. The word 'law' is used once in the article and SAAMI is also mentioned a lot. Maybe you can provide a picture of modern US made cartridges with their box to show SAAMI labeled ammunition to illustrate the US civil nomenclature section.--Francis Flinch (talk) 20:38, 13 February 2012 (UTC)

The following image shows a case '7,92' Yugoslavian/Croatian military ammo.[5]

1) SAAMI does not have the power of C.I.P. in the United States..SAAMI is an industry sponsored organization created in attempt to standardize firearms and ammo production among its members. Not all U.S. manufactures are SAAMI members. And, not all members use the SAAMI designations. Also, SAAMI has no power over the vast amounts of firearms and ammo imported into the U.S. from all over the world. Therefore, the 7.92mm ammo has multiple designations within the U.S. It is dependent on the purchaser of said ammunition to know what they are buying.

This is why I am attempting to add a simple list to this article with the most common names and designations for 7.92mm ammunition. Whether or not it is an “official” C.I.P. or SAAMI designation is irrelevant, to the person buying the ammunition. They simply want a box of ammo that can be safely fired from their Mauser 98k type rifle.

2) Not all NATO designations have STANAG numbers….for example: the AK-47 and 7.62x39mm are NATO designation for the Soviet Avtomat Kalashikova and its M43 ammo. The Russian military does not and has never used these designations. However, the rest of the world does, and since the fall of the USSR, the Russians export the AK-47s and 7.62x39mm ammo using the NATO designation. Because, they do not care what the purchaser wants to call these items, as long as the money is deposited in the right account number.

3) I realize that you probably live in a country where C.I.P. dictates are handed down like “Zeus speaking from Mount Olympus”. This probably explains why you are constantly referring to them. Do you realize that you have referred to them 5 times during this brief discussion? However, to the rest of us living in the other 200 countries around the world, we don’t care about C.I.P. dictates. We just want to buy ammo that we can safely fire from our guns, no matter the designation.

Your conclusion that SAAMI in an informal way and C.I.P. in a formal way try to ensure safe fire arm use for consumers is correct. Regarding “Zeus speaking from Mount Olympus”, there are methods to circumvent C.I.P. rulings for diligent civilians that do not want to be affected by these rulings. Waiving consumer rights and accepting personal risks (not conforming to Zeus can have pros but also dire consequences when the chips are down) should be considered before moving to such methods.

So, again I recommend that we add the following list to the cartridge naming section…

Cartridge naming

The 7.92mm cartridge is also known by the following designations:

I would start with the article name as used by Wikipedia and not 7.92mm cartridge and move JS under IS. The cartridge naming section would be a good place for such a list.

*8x57 IS

*7.92x57mm Mauser

*7.92x57mm

*7.92mm Mauser

*8mm Mauser'

*8×57mm

*8x57 JS

*7,9mm[6]

'WARNING: THE 8x57 IS AND 8x57 I ARE NOT THE SAME CARTRIDGE AND ARE NOT INTERCHANGEABLE.

We should add this image somewhere.

Nice image and idea.--Francis Flinch (talk) 09:47, 14 February 2012 (UTC)

Clearly, you do not understand how we buy ammunition in the United States. So, let me explain it to you…Most of the 7.92mm ammo sold in the U.S. is cheap military surplus ammo from all over the world. It is sold in the original military packaging; this includes wooden cases, tin cans, paper wrappings, even loose stripper-clips. Sometimes, you will buy 200 loose rounds on sale, in a U.S. GI .30 caliber ammo can with a stick-on label saying “YUGO 7.92mm”. No attempt is made to repack it in SAAMI approved boxes with SAAMI approved designations. If you are lucky, an employee at the gun store where you bought the ammo, wrote 7.92mm or 8mm on the packaging with a felt marker before stamping the price on it. Now, sometimes you may buy a box or two Russian Wolf ammo in SAAMI approved packaging, when the gun store runs out of the cheap surplus ammo (Romanian, Yugoslavian, Czechoslovakian, etc.). In most of the U.S., to buy ammo, you just walk into a gun store, tell them how much you want, pay for it and leave. Nobody ask to see identification, nobody cares how much ammo you buy, nobody cares why you are to buying it. The only thing they care about is if your credit card is approved.

That is fine with me..

Cartridge naming

The 7.92x57mm Mauser cartridge is also known by the following designations:

*8x57 IS

*8x57 JS

*7.92x57mm

*7.92mm Mauser

*7.92mm

*8×57mm

*8mm Mauser

*7,9mm[7]

'WARNING: THE '8x57 IS' AND '8x57 I' ARE NOT THE SAME CARTRIDGE AND ARE NOT INTERCHANGEABLE.

This has been a fun debate, I actually looked forward to your responses..Now before I do anything..I want to be clear, that I intend to delete ALL of the information currently contained in the 'Cartridge naming section' and replace it with the simple list. Unless, you want to add the list yourself and perhaps reformat and save some of the information.

— Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.22.156.40 (talk) 16:54, 14 February 2012 (UTC)

I would not delete all text, but prune it and integrate the list to make this complex section more accessible and understandable for readers. The US must be a paradise for lawyers dealing with (catastrophic) gun failure incidents. C.I.P. member state citizens are basically safeguarded by authorities from learning the engineering wisdom that 'after fixed comes loose' the hard way and at their own expense when using high pressure gas systems. If catastrophic failure incidents occur and the arms and ammunition involved were approved for sale to consumers at the time the incident occured the manufacturer(s) have a serious problem.

In the US many shooters know that European gun users often have to pass vetting and/or exams before becoming qualified to use guns. Please do not think such procedures, that might be viewed as harassment by US citizens, make them experts or are uniform. Some European countries have relaxed gun laws and gun ownership can be quite high there, whilst other countries have strict laws.--Francis Flinch (talk) 10:54, 15 February 2012 (UTC)

Most of the catastrophic gun failures in the U.S. are directly related to reloaded ammo. There will always be people who want to push the edge of the envelope. And, they always say the same thing when it happens…”I’ve been reloading for years and never had a problem before…”. Then they sue everybody… more often than not they lose. I’ve watched people shoot 9mm ammo out of their .40 S&W pistols and then wonder aloud why their pistol malfunctions on every shot. I’ve watched people shoot .32 AUTO ammo out of their .32 caliber revolvers. I’ve watched people shoot .22 Long ammo out of the .22 Long Rifle pistols and struggle with one malfunction after another or shoot .22 LR ammo from their .22 Magnum revolvers. I’ve stopped people from attempting to shoot 7.92mm ammo out of their .30-06 rifles or 16 Gauge shells out of their 12 Gauge shotguns. I could write a book on the stupidity of the average gun owner. And, the best part is when you point their stupidity they tell you that their a “gun expert” and they know what they're doing, or thier uncle was a cop or in the Army and he said it was O.K. Or, they pack up their stuff and leave. The only saving grace is that the vast majority of gun owners never shoot their guns. They will buy a gun and a box of ammo, and put them in the closet for the next 50 years. When they die…their dumb gun hating wives and kids will sell the guns for pennies on the dollar..or, worse…I watched a woman surrender to the police over $500,000 worth of her dead husbands guns…just to get them out of her house.

I will leave the adding of the list and pruning to your capable hands…have fun… — Preceding unsigned comment added by 71.22.156.40 (talk) 17:55, 15 February 2012 (UTC)

Requested move[edit]

The following discussion is an archived discussion of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on the talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

The result of the move request was: moved to 7.92×57mm Mauser. Uncontested and in line with other articles in Category:Pistol and rifle cartridges. Favonian (talk) 21:04, 29 June 2012 (UTC)

7.92 x 57mm Mauser → 7.92×57mm Mauser – This would establish format consistency with other cartridge article titles, which use '×' (without spaces) instead of ' x ' (with spaces). — Red XIV^(talk) 20:22, 22 June 2012 (UTC)

The above discussion is preserved as an archive of a requested move. Please do not modify it. Subsequent comments should be made in a new section on this talk page or in a move review. No further edits should be made to this section.

Pronunciation?[edit]

Odd that no pronunciation is given. I'd think it'd be like 'mowzer', but many say 'mozer' or 'mahzer'. This is a glaring omission. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 174.88.11.102 (talk) 05:10, 18 November 2012 (UTC)

8×60mm S[edit]

Shouldn't the article at least somewhere mention the 8×60mm S cartridge, created after WWI when the manufacture of 'military' cartridges was banned? They increased the case length by 3mm, and subtly stretched the neck to create an almost identical (albeit slightly more powerful) cartridge that could be used in older 8x57mm S rifles by a simple rechambering of the barrel. I was surprised there wasn't even a link in the 'see also' section, or the 'derivatives' section. The 8x60mm S is probably the closest derivative of the lot!I got a lot of good info off of this page http://www.germanguns.com/upload/archive/index.php/t-584.html?s=f2f6e2a2bc7854553c963696803bebcc, but in particular this entry down at the bottom which sort of cleared the whole muddle up:

'WOW, here is a lot to clean up!Please, keep in mind the time span from 1945 to now, 2012, is longer than the span from 1888 to 1945, when a lot of gun, caliber, cartridge and powder development took place. Many of the then popular cartridges are long obsolete, such as many contemporary American ones. Have you tried recently to buy some fresh ammo in .33 Win or .25 Rem at your local gunshop? The history of the 8mm cartridges is hard to understand for an American who has no access to old German language books, catalogs and hunting magazines. I claim to have learned something about it during the last half century, so let's begin at the beginning:When the original M88 = 8x57 cartridge was developed for military purposes, it used a long, heavy .318' 227gr round nose bullet, fully jacketed in thin, nickel plated steel. The original military M88 barrels had a groove diameter of .319' but this was deepened in 1892 to .321' to .323' to prolong barrel life. The early Gew98 rifles retained the oversize .323 grooves. The long, heavy round nose slugged up in these 'oversize' bores and gave acceptable accuracy for the military. The civilian Suhl and Zella-Mehlis barrelmakers soon found out the tighter barrels shot better, so they adjusted groove- to bullet diameter. Unfortunately many followed the peasant's rule: 'if tighter shoots better, much tighter will shoot much better' and overdid things. I have slugged some pre-WW1 8mm barrels that were only .315'! Remember, there were no set standards until 1940, so if the gun stood firing the '4000 at Beschusspatrone', everything was ok.When the German army started to modernize the 8x57 military cartridge after 1900 the new, light 10g = 154gr S = spitz = pointed bullets with their short bearing surface would not slug up on firing any more. Instead of changing the rifling specifications again, the bullet diameter was increased to .323'. This allowed the already existing military rifles to be converted by simply enlarging the neck area and throat of the chamber to accept and release the new, slightly thicker bullets. Now the 'military' S caliber differed considerably from the 'civilian' I one. Apparently this bothered noone, as military and sporting loads were clearly separated and most bolt action I rifles shot the oversize military loads without alarming effects. The other way around, military S barrels still shot the old-fashioned long round-nose I bullets with reasonable accuracy.When the Versailles 'peace treaty' was signed in 1920, the 100 000 men Reichswehr was only conceded a very limited supply of military cartridges, barely sufficient for the necessary training but designed to dry up within a few days in case of a new war and insufficient to build up reserve stocks. As the Austrians had already evaded a similar provision of theit St.Germain treaty by keeping the limited supply of war ammo in stock and issuing 'civilian' soft-nose hunting ammo for target training to their troops, the manufacture of any ammunition that might be used in the military rifles was prohibited in Germany. So not the I or S bore was outlawed, but the making of any 8x57 rimless cartridges for civilian use. This ban on the 8x57, I and S, led to the development of the civilian hunting cartridge 8x60 to allow for rechambering the unfed 8x57 commercial bolt action rifles. Of course the I bullet diameter came first, as the .318' caliber was still deemed the more accurate one. But during the turmoils following the great war many military rifles 'went under' and were sporterized for hunting use, so there was a small demand for light bullet S loads, so there was a limited offering of 8x60S loads. The 1921 RWS export catalog still shows the 8x57, not yet the 8x60, loaded with both 14.7g and 10g pointed bullets, but does not mention I or S bores.The mid-1920s Steigleder catalog still features the 8x57IR and the 8x60, but no more the 8x57 and not an 8x60R.Jon Speed in his book Mauser-OOSR shows a handwritten table from the Mauser factory, dated 1926, giving the commercial 8x57 (for export) and 8x60 rifles a groove diameter of .319 - .320', linked to the footnote ' these rifles get the chamber and the throat for Spitz bullets, so that these may be used also.'The 1930 Burgsmüller catalog shows the same offering, 8x57IR, 8x60 'as the replacement for the unavailable military 8x57' and the 8x64 Brenneke, but neither I nor S bores are mentioned.the 1934 DWM handbook shows 13 different loads for both the 8x57IR, 8x57R (A-base) and 8x57, but only 3 entries are marked 'for use in S-barrels only'. For the 8x60/8x60R the ratio is 5 out of 12 'S only', including the 'Magnum Bombe' load. For the 8x64/65R Brenneke it is 2 out of 6, but still no S suffix to the cartridge designation.The 1937 RWS catalog shows a total of 40 8x57I and 8x57IR loads, one each marked 'for S-barrels only.' Some 8x60 and 8x60R loads are cataloged as 'Magnum' loads for S barrels, but the S moniker is still not affixed to the cartridge name.The 1940 Rws Handbook finally shows the clear-cut difference between 8x57I, 8x57IR, 8x60 and 8x60R loads and the corresponding S cartridges. On page 43 these suggestions for a future change to 'S caliber only': The rimless 8mm cartridges will be factory loaded with S =.323' bullets only, by the use of modern powders there will be no excessive pressure when shot through bolt-actions with I barrels. The 8x57IR will be available with I =.318' bullets only, there will be no 8x57IRS loads. The 8x60RS gets the knurled rim. As we know, this simplification never became true.After 1945 the German Hunters were disarmed. Many hid their guns away, but the majority of hunting guns was destroyed, liberated or looted. So today there are possibly more 8mmI guns in the USA than in Germany. When the German hunters were finally allowed to rearm in the early 1950s, few could afford new guns. Many unearthed -literally- their rust-pitted prewar guns and continued to use them. Others found rusty and rotten K98Ks in the woods, had the actions rebarreled with plentiful , leftover Luftwaffe machine gun barrels in 8x57IS, had them restocked and mounted with any old scope they could get. Though the European ammo companies thought otherwise at first, the I bore in new-made guns had become a thing of the past by the end of the 1950s. The ammo makers one after another ceased making I bullets and loads. The current offerings are rare. The 8x57R360, 8x58R, 8x57R(A), 8x51 are completely forgotten, the 8x57I is a pure handloading matter. RWS recently ceased making the 8x57IR, so the only I diameter factory load is the 8x57IR by Sellier&Bellot, the only bullet available to handloaders their 196gr rn sp.

(Unnecessary emphasis is mine) — Preceding unsigned comment added by .45Colt (talk • contribs) 13:15, 7 January 2015 (UTC)

Photo shows a 30-06?[edit]

In the lead-in picture, is the second-from-the-left actually a 30-06?

It looks similar in diameter to the 6.5x55, suggesting it is a 270.

Still a good and useful picture, but I think it may be mislabeled. — Preceding unsigned comment added by 139.142.154.98 (talk) 16:24, 8 June 2016 (UTC)

I measured the diameter of the .30-06 Springfield and .308 Winchester projectiles in the picture as best as I could and they are identical. The cannelure makes the .30 projectile look slender.--Francis Flinch (talk) 19:42, 8 June 2016 (UTC)

I see that now. When I cover up the cannelure they do look the same diameter. Thank you for the quick response -Ulrich — Preceding unsigned comment added by 205.206.74.13 (talk) 02:25, 9 June 2016 (UTC)

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The 7.92×57mm Mauser (designated as the 8mm Mauser or 8×57mm by the SAAMI^[2] and 8 × 57 IS by the C.I.P.^[3]) is a rimless bottlenecked riflecartridge. The 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge was adopted by the German Empire in 1903–1905, and was the German service cartridge in both World Wars. In its day, the 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge was one of the world’s most popular military cartridges. In the 21st century it is still a popular sport and hunting cartridge that is factory-produced in Europe and the United States.

• 1Development
• 4Cartridge naming
• 6German military ammunition
• 13Notes

Development[edit]

Parent cartridge Patrone 88[edit]

The parent cartridge, upon which the 7.92×57mm Mauser is based, was adopted by Germany in 1888 as the Patrone 88 (cartridge 88) or M/88 (along with the Gewehr 1888 service rifle). It was a first-generation smokeless propellant cartridge designed by the German Gewehr-Prüfungskommission (G.P.K.) (Rifle Testing Commission), as the new smokeless propellant introduced as Poudre B in the 1886 pattern 8mm Lebel had started a military rifle ammunition revolution. The M/88 cartridge was loaded with 2.75 g (42.4 gr) of single-base (based on nitrocellulose) smokeless powder and a relatively heavy, 14.7 grams (227 gr), round-nosed ball bullet with a diameter of 8.08 mm (0.318 in). The M/88 bore originally had 7.90 mm (0.311 in) lands diameter and 8.10 mm (0.319 in) grooves diameter. The M/88 barrel bore specification was changed by 1894–1895 to 7.90 mm (0.311 in) lands diameter and 8.20 mm (0.323 in) grooves diameter to improve accuracy and reduce barrel wear in M/88 chambered arms.^[4]

7.92×57mm Mauser S Patrone[edit]

German government driven efforts to further improve on the performance of the military M/88 ammunition and the service arms in which the M/88 was used after several development steps eventually resulted in the official adoption on 3 April 1903 by the Gewehr-Prüfungskommission of the dimensionally redesigned 7.92×57mm Mauser chambering. Besides the chambering, the bore (designated as 'S-bore') was also dimensionally redesigned. The 1903 pattern 7.92×57mm Mauser S Patrone (S ball cartridge) was loaded with a lighter 9.9 grams (153 gr), pointed Spitzgeschoß(spire point bullet) of 8.2 mm (0.323 in) diameter and more powerful double-base (based on nitrocellulose and nitroglycerin) smokeless powder.^[5][6][4] With the improved ballistic coefficient of the new bullet, the 1903 pattern cartridge had an improved maximum effective range and a flatter trajectory, and was therefore less critical of range estimation compared to the M/88 cartridge.^[7]

In German military service the Patrone 88 was replaced in 1904 and 1905 by the S Patrone. As the bolt thrust of the 7.92×57mm Mauser is relatively low compared to many other service rounds used in the early 20th century, many arms originally chambered for the Patrone 88 could be and were adapted for chambering the S Patrone by reaming out metal from the chamber as it required a wider chamber throat to take the differently shaped and thicker brass of the new S Patrone.

The rimless cartridge cases have been used as parent case for several other necked down and necked up cartridges and a rimmed variant.

Military use[edit]

Due to restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles, the Germans were not able to develop or sell any military equipment after World War I. In the post-war years, 7.92×57mm Mauser chambered Gewehr 98 pattern rifles were produced in Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Poland, Mexico, Austria and China. This, and the cartridge's high performance and versatility, led to the 7.92×57mm Mauser being adopted by the armed forces of various governments. These included: Spain, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Romania, Iran, Turkey, China, Egypt, Yugoslavia, former German African colonies. This made the round the most widely used military rifle cartridge in the world during the inter-war years.^[8]

During World War II it was one of the few cartridges used by both the Axis and Allied powers, a distinction it shared with the 9×19mm Parabellum pistol round. Apart from being the standard rifle cartridge of the German and Polish armed forces, it was also used by the armed forces of Great Britain in the Besa machine gun, which was mounted in some of their tanks and other armoured vehicles, as well as being extensively used by the Chinese, especially early in the war. After World War II it was used by the early Bundeswehr of West Germany. Later, when Egypt decided to manufacture the Hakim rifle, a licensed copy of the Swedish Ag m/42, they redesigned the breech to accept the 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge rather than use the original 6.5×55mm Ag m/42 cartridge. Its military use continues today (2012) in the former Yugoslavia in the Zastava M76 sniper rifle and the license-built copy of the MG 42, the M53 Šarac machine gun.^[9]

Rifles formerly manufactured for the Wehrmacht, captured by the Allies and acquired by Israel were important in the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. Israel did not have a domestic arms industry and could not manufacture rifles but it could produce replacement parts and refurbish weapons. Israel only used its Mauser rifles in their original configuration for a short period, when NATO countries adopted a standard rifle cartridge, the 7.62×51mm NATO, Israel replaced all of the 7.92×57mm Mauser barrels on its Mauser rifles with barrels chambered for the new 7.62×51mm NATO cartridge.

Civilian use[edit]

After World War I the Treaty of Versailles imposed comprehensive and complex restrictions upon the post-war German armed forces (the Reichswehr). According to the treaty the Reichswehr could on a limited scale continue using the 7.92×57mm Mauser as their service cartridge. The Treaty of Versailles however effectively nixed the civilian use of 7.92×57mm Mauser chambered rifles by German hunters and sport shooters. During the mid 1930s Germany stopped obeying the restrictions imposed by the Treaty of Versailles and gradually the civilian use of 7.92×57mm Mauser chambered rifles by German hunters and sport shooters was resumed. In 1939 the Normalisierungsverordnung (Normalization regulation) effectively prohibited the production of non S-bore/7.92×57mm Mauser chambered arms in Nazi Germany. In post World War 2 Germany the production of the various preceding chamberings is allowed again, but these chamberings have become rare in post 1939 produced arms.^[4]

The 7.92×57mm Mauser is a common chambering offering in rifles marketed for European and North American sportsmen, alongside broadly similar cartridges such as the 5.6×57mm, 6.5×55mm, 6.5×57mm, and the 6.5×68mm and 8×68mm S magnum hunting cartridges. Major European manufacturers like Zastava Arms, Blaser, Česká Zbrojovka firearms, Heym, Mauser Jagdwaffen GmbH and Steyr Mannlicher produce factory new 7.92×57mm Mauser hunting rifles and European ammunition manufacturers like Blaser, RUAG Ammotec/RWS, Prvi Partizan, Sako and Sellier & Bellot produce factory new ammunition.^[4] In 2004 Remington Arms offered a limited-edition Model 700 Classic bolt action hunting rifle chambered for the 7.92×57mm Mauser.^[10]

The 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge's performance makes it suitable for the hunting all medium-sized game such as the deer family, chamois, mouflon, bighorn sheep, wild boar and bear. The 7.92×57mm Mauser can offer very good penetrating ability due to a fast twist rate that enables it to fire long, heavy bullets with a high sectional density.

The 7.92×57mm Mauser cannot be used in countries which ban civil use of former or current military rifle cartridges, though since 2013 is no longer restricted in France.

The rimmed variant of the 7.92×57mm Mauser, the 8×57mm IRS, was developed later for break-barrel rifles and combination guns.^[11] The 8×57mm IRS is commercially offered as a chambering option in European break-action rifles.^[1][11]

Cartridge naming[edit]

The naming of this cartridge is cultural and epoch dependent and hence not uniform around the world.

The 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge is also known by the following designations:

• 7.9, 7.9mm^[12]
• 7.9 Mauser, 7.9mm Mauser
• 7.92, 7.92mm
• 7.92 Mauser, 7.92mm Mauser
• Cartridge SA, 7.92
• 7.92×57, 7.92×57mm
• 7.92×57 Mauser, 7.92×57mm Mauser
• 8mm Mauser
• 8×57, 8×57mm
• 8×57 Mauser, 8×57mm Mauser
• 8 × 57 IS, 8 × 57 JS

This list is not conclusive and other nomenclature or designation variations might be encountered.

The 7.92 naming convention is often used by English speaking sources for the military issued 7.92×57mm Mauser and 7.92×33mm Kurz cartridges. Remarkably, both the 7.92 and 7,9 used in these and alike designations do not exactly comply to the actual C.I.P. or SAAMI cartridge, chamber and bore dimensions. All other non-military issued rimless and rimmed rifle cartridges originating from Germany having approximately 8 mm bullet diameter are connected to 8 mm namings.^[3]

The widespread use in German military Gewehr 98 and Karabiner 98k service rifles designed and manufactured by Mauser caused the 'Mauser' tag, though the Mauser company had nothing to do with the development of this cartridge.^[7]

The letter 'J' often mentioned by English speaking sources is actually an 'I' for Infanterie (German for 'infantry'). A stamped 'I' at the cartridge bottom in writing styles used in the past in Germany could be easily mistaken for a 'J'. Even in the 21st century the 'I' is often substituted by a 'J' in English speaking communities and German ammunition manufacturers often write 'JS' instead of 'IS' to avoid confusing customers. The letter 'S' stands for Spitzgeschoß ('pointed bullet'), and the English designation 'spitzer' for that style of bullet is derived from this German term.

Current European civil C.I.P. designation[edit]

The mainly European arms standards body Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives (Permanent International Commission for portable firearms testing) (C.I.P.)—an organisation for standards in ammunition for civilian use—currently (2012) designates the 7.92×57mm Mauser as the 8 × 57 IS. This designation has the power of law for civil use in C.I.P. member states like the United Kingdom.^[3]

Current U.S. civil SAAMI designations[edit]

The United States standardizing body for sporting cartridges Sporting Arms and Ammunition Manufacturers' Institute (SAAMI) currently (2012) designates the 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge as the 8mm Mauser, also known as 8×57mm.^[2]

Since the SAAMI has no authority to issue nomenclature rulings, the nomenclature used for this cartridge can vary in the United States. Windows xp dark edition v7.

Historic military designations[edit]

The German military used 7,9mm as designation or omitted any diameter reference and only printed the exact type of loading on ammunition boxes during World War II.

In Sweden the cartridge was designated '8mm patron m/39'^[13]

The Polish military used 7,9mm or 7,92mm designations (mostly 7,9mm).^[14]

The Norwegian military used the designation 7,92x57 mm, sometimes '7,92 Lett' ('lett' meaning light) to differentiate it from the similar but not interchangable 7,92x61 Tung (heavy).^[15] Ammunition produced by Raufoss after the war was designated 7,92x57.

The British military's Besa machine gun was chambered for the 7.92×57mm Mauser, and was used in armoured vehicles during World War II. The British referred to this ammunition as Cartridge SA, 7.92.^[16]

United States intelligence documents from World War II refer to the cartridge as 7.92 or 7.92 mm or 7.92-mm.^[17][18]

Cartridge drawings and dimensions[edit]

The 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge has a cartridge case capacity of 4.09 ml (63 grains) H₂O. The exterior shape of the case was designed to promote reliable case feeding and extraction in bolt action rifles and machine guns alike, under extreme conditions.

7.92×57mm Mauser maximum C.I.P. cartridge dimensions. All sizes in millimeters.

Americans would define the shoulder angle at alpha/2 ≈ 19.1 degrees. The common rifling twist rate for this cartridge is 240 mm (1 in 9.45 in), 4 grooves, Ø of the lands = 7.89 mm (0.311 in), Ø grooves = 8.20 mm (0.323 in), land width = 4.40 mm (0.173 in) and the primer type is large rifle.

According to the official C.I.P. (Commission Internationale Permanente pour l'Epreuve des Armes à Feu Portatives) rulings the 7.92×57mm Mauser can handle up to 390.00 MPa (56,565 psi) P_max piezo pressure. In C.I.P. regulated countries every rifle cartridge combo has to be proofed at 125% of this maximum C.I.P. pressure to certify for sale to consumers.^[3]This means that 7.92×57mm Mauser chambered arms in C.I.P. regulated countries are currently (2013) proof tested at 487.50 MPa (70,706 psi) PE piezo pressure.^[3]

The SAAMI (voluntary) Maximum Average Pressure (MAP) for this cartridge is 35,000 psi (241.3 MPa) piezo pressure or (37,000 CUP).^[19][20] This is considerably lower than the C.I.P. pressure limit and is done for liability reasons, in case a 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge is fired in an 'I-bore' rifle that has a narrower throat and barrel diameter. Most European ammunition manufacturers generally only load to a lower pressure limit for I-bore cartridges; and the US based manufacturer Hornady followed their lead in their (now discontinued) EuroSpec brand 8×57 JS load.

German military ammunition[edit]

'There were many German military versions of the cartridge, and Germany never stopped its development of different variations until the end' of World War II. 'The bullet lengths varied a great deal through the different types, but all were loaded to an overall length' of 80.6 mm (3.17 in). The Germans had started using steel cases in World War I, 'and by the end of 1943, most German ammunition had that type of case.'^[21] The weights and case capacities of the World War II military cartridge cases varied somewhat. The German military ammunition manufacturer Polte produced brass cartridge cases weighing 10.32 g (159 gr) with 4.03 ml (62 gr) H₂O case capacity and steel cartridge cases weighing 10.90 g (168 gr) with 3.95 ml (61 gr) H₂O case capacity.^[22] The steel cartridge cases were produced in copper plated and lacquered executions. Some military cartridge cases were made with to aim to use less material and their ammunition boxes were marked Für Gewehr ('for rifle') use. Other military cartridge cases were made extra sturdy and their ammunition boxes were marked Für MG ('for machine gun') use.^[23]

German military standard ball service rifle cartridge evolution[edit]

German cartridge variants during World War II[edit]

The German standard s.S. Patrone ('s.S. ball cartridge') was originally designed for long range machine gun use. It was loaded with a 35.3 mm (1.39 in) long, boat-tailed, s.S. - schweres Spitzgeschoß ('heavy pointed or spitzer bullet') full metal jacket bullet and very well made.^[21][25] It was lead filled, had a gilding-metal-plated jacket, and weighed 12.8 grams (197.53 gr). The s.S. Patrone had a muzzle velocity of 760 m/s (2,493 ft/s) and an operating pressure of 320 MPa (46,412 psi). From its 1914 introduction the s.S. Patrone was mainly issued for aerial combat and as of 1918 in the later stages of World War I to infantry machine gunners.The desire for adapting new shorter barreled rifles and introduction of the Karabiner 98k were reasons for changing the standard German service ball rifle cartridge. The 1903 pattern 7.92×57mm Mauser S Patrone produced excessive muzzle flash when fired from arms that did not have a long barrel like the Gewehr 98. It was found that the s.S. Patrone, originally designed for long range machine gun use, produced less muzzle flash out of rifles that had a less long barrel and also provided better accuracy. Because of this the S Patrone was phased out in 1933 and the s.S. Patrone became the standard German service ball cartridge in the 1930s when the German rearmament program started.^[23][8]The s.S. ball projectile with a 5.9 millimetres (0.23 in) long 6° 25′ 51″ boat tail was designed for long range use and offered the best aerodynamic efficiency and external ballistic performance of any standard rifle bullet used during World War II, with a G1 ballistic coefficient between 0.593 and 0.557 (ballistic coefficients are somewhat debatable) or a ballistic coefficient of approximately 0.295 (G7). When fired at the typical muzzle velocity of 760 m/s (2,493 ft/s) out of a 600 mm (23.6 in) barrel the s.S. bullet retained supersonic velocity up to and past 1,000 m (1,094 yd) (V₁₀₀₀ ≈ Mach 1.07) under International Standard Atmosphere conditions at sea level (air density ρ = 1.225 kg/m³). It had a maximum range of approximately 4,700 m (5,140 yd)^[7] Even by contemporary (2012) standards 1000⁺ m (1,094⁺ yards) effective supersonic range is quite remarkable for a standard military rifle round. For recognition the primer sealant was green, and it had a yellow-tip marked bullet.

The regular s.S. projectile had the following penetration performance: 85 cm (33 in) of dry pine wood at 100 m (109 yd), 65 cm (26 in) at 400 m (437 yd), 45 cm (18 in) at 800 m (875 yd) and 10 cm (4 in) at 1,800 m (1,969 yd), 10 mm (0.39 in) of iron at 300 m (328 yd), 7 mm (0.28 in) at 550 m (601 yd), 5 mm (0.20 in) of steel at 100 m (109 yd) and 3 mm (0.12 in) at 600 m (656 yd).

During World War II German snipers were issued with purpose-manufactured sniping ammunition, known as the 'effect-firing' s.S. round.^[26] The 'effect-firing' s.S. round featured an extra carefully measured propellant charge and seated an sS full-metal-jacketed boat-tail projectile of match-grade build quality, lacking usual features such as a cannelure, to further improve the already high G1 ballistic coefficient to approximately 0.595 (G1) or 0.300 (G7).^[27] The 'effect-firing' s.S. projectile had a form factor (G7 i) of 0.869, which indicates good aerodynamic efficiency and external ballistic performance for the bullet diameter.^[28][29]

In 1940 Germany introduced S.m.E. - Spitzgeschoß mit Eisenkern ('spitzer with iron core') — mild steel cored projectile ammunition.^[23][30]The S.m.E. ammunition was developed to replace the s.S. ammunition to save on lead and other metals that became scarce in Germany during World War II. The projectile core was covered by a relatively thin layer of lead. Muzzle velocity was 790 m/s (2,592 ft/s) and the operating pressure was 310 MPa (44,962 psi). For recognition the primer annulus or whole primers were colored blue. S.m.E. bullets were 37.3 mm (1.47 in) long, boat-tailed, and weighed 11.55 g (178.2 gr). The mild steel core weights varied between the four production sub-executions from 5.47 to 5.79 g (84.4 to 89.4 gr).^[23] From 1942 onwards S.m.E. ammunition practically replaced the s.S. ammunition.^[23]In 1943 the lead content of the S.m.E. bullet was further reduced. To compensate for the lead reduction the mild steel core was redesigned resulting in a projectile lengthened to 39.8 mm (1.57 in) to retain the original S.m.E. bullet weight of 11.55 g (178.2 gr).^[31][32] This ammunition was designated S.m.E. lg - Spitzgeschoß mit Eisenkern lang ('spitzer with iron core long') and lacked recognition marks. The S.m.E. lg external ballistic characteristics were practically identical to s.S. ammunition up to 1,400 m (1,531 yd) and the lengthened S.m.E. lg projectile was more accurate compared to the shorter S.m.E. projectile.^[23]

Special ammunition included:^[22][33][34]

• S.m.K. - Spitzgeschoß mit Kern ('spitzer with core') — hardened steel cored projectile for use against targets behind thick covers, tanks, or airplanes. Red circular cap groove, yellow bullet, bullet weight 11.85 g (182.9 gr), muzzle velocity 785 m/s (2,575 ft/s), operating pressure 300 MPa (43,511 psi). This ammunition was also produced in a S.m.K.-v high-velocity or 'v' ammunition variant that added 100 m/s (328 ft/s) muzzle velocity to the normal S.m.K. variant.^[35] There was also a version S.m.K.H. - Spitzgeschoß mit Hartkern ('spitzer with hardcore') which had a tungsten carbide instead of a steel core. Sintered iron and mild steel cores also came into use in this ammunition. German Spitzgeschoss mit Kern armor-piercing bullets were very good, being very stable and accurate at long ranges.^[21]
• S.m.K. L'spur - Spitzgeschoß mit Kern Leuchtspur ('spitzer with core tracer') — red circular groove, black bullet point—German tracer bullets 'were the best put out by any country — streamlined and with excellent ballistics'.^[21] The bullet was basically the same as used in the S.m.K. ammunition but combined with a tracer that burned for 800 to 1,000 m (875 to 1,094 yd). It had a bullet weight of 10.00 g (154.3 gr) and a muzzle velocity of 810 m/s (2,657 ft/s) and an operating pressure of 280 MPa (40,611 psi). This ammunition was also produced in a S.m.K. L'spur-v high-velocity or 'v' ammunition variant that added 115 m/s (377 ft/s) muzzle velocity to the normal S.m.K. L'spur variant.^[35] These rounds were also available in 'S.m.K. L'spur 100/600' and S.m.K. L'spur-v 100/600 variants for aerial use that burned between 100 and 600 m (109 and 656 yd).
• S.m.K. Gl'spur - Spitzgeschoß mit Kern Glimmspur ('spitzer with core night tracer' )— red circular groove, black bullet point—German night tracer bullets. The bullet was basically the same as used in the S.m.K. ammunition but combined with a dimmed tracer that was visible from 150 m (164 yd) to 800 to 1,000 m (875 to 1,094 yd) and would not temporarily blind dark adapted eyes in low light conditions. It had a bullet weight of 10.00 g (154.3 gr) and a muzzle velocity of 810 m/s (2,657 ft/s) and an operating pressure of 280 MPa (40,611 psi). This ammunition was also produced in a S.m.K. Gl'spur-v high-velocity or 'v' ammunition variant that added 115 m/s (377 ft/s) muzzle velocity to the normal S.m.K. Gl'spur variant.^[35] These rounds were also available in S.m.K. Gl'spur 100/600 and S.m.K. Gl'spur-v 100/600 variants for aerial use that burned between 100 and 600 m (109 and 656 yd).
• P.m.K. - Phosphor mit Kern ('phosphorus with steel core') machine gun ammunition loaded with the 10.15 grams (156.6 gr) P.m.K. bullets that had a muzzle velocity of 830 m/s (2,723 ft/s) and an operating pressure of 280 MPa (40,611 psi). This cartridge can be recognised by the black primer sealant and yellow tipped bullet. This ammunition was also produced in a P.m.K.-v high-velocity or 'v' ammunition variant that added 115 m/s (377 ft/s) muzzle velocity to the normal P.m.K. variant.^[35]
• B - Beobachtung ('observation') — The German Luftwaffe 10.85 grams (167.4 gr) B (Beobachtung—'observation') high-explosive incendiary ball bullets contained phosphorus and 'had a pellet in it which exploded on contact with any target, however frail'.^[21] The projectile featured an internal floating firing pin mechanism that automatically armed during firing and detonates a small capsule of tetryl which in turn ignites the white phosphorus in the nose of the projectile during sudden deceleration producing a clearly observable amount of flash and smoke. It had a muzzle velocity of 800 m/s (2,625 ft/s) and an operating pressure of 300 MPa (43,511 psi).^[23] The B bullet was like any other high-explosive or incendiary bullet, illegal for anti-personnel use according to the Saint Petersburg Declaration and Hague Conventions. 'The Germans maintained that it was used mainly for observation and range-finding, but observers report having seen them in rifle clips and machine gun belts'.^[21] Often this round was used to set vehicles and aircraft on fire.^[23] The regular German infantry units were not allowed to use this round; however German snipers on the Eastern Front were permitted by Adolf Hitler in February 1945 to use these rounds that caused horrendous wounds as the projectiles tended to detonate after 100 to 130 millimetres (3.9 to 5.1 in) penetration in human tissue. Karabiner 98k service rifles handled these cartridges without issues.^[36] This cartridge can be recognised by the black primer sealant, yellow bullet. This ammunition was also produced in a B-v high-velocity or 'v' ammunition variant that added 110 m/s (361 ft/s) muzzle velocity to the normal B variant.^[35]

All verbesserte (v) ('improved') high-velocity ammunition variants were loaded to a 50 MPa (7,252 psi) higher operating pressure than the corresponding normal ammunition variants. This increase in operating pressure resulted in a noticeable increase in muzzle velocity and barrel wear.^[35]

• Patrone L.S. - Leichtes Spitzgeschoß ('light spitzer bullet') — machine gun anti aircraft training ammunition loaded with 5.5 grams (85 gr) bullets with aluminium cores that had a muzzle velocity of 925 m/s (3,035 ft/s). Due to the lightweight bullet the maximum range was limited to approximately 2,000 m (2,187 yd). This cartridge can be recognized by the green stripe painted over the case head.
• Patrone L.S. L'spur - Leichtes Spitzgeschoß Leuchtspur ('light spitzer bullet with tracer') — machine gun anti aircraft training ammunition. The L.S. L'spur bullet weighed 6 grams (93 gr) and was basically the same as used in the L.S. ammunition but combined with a tracer that added 0.5 grams (7.7 gr) extra weight. This cartridge can be recognized by the green stripe over the case head and a black bullet tip.
• Platzpatrone 33 (blank cartridge) — two cannelures in the brass, red wood- or cardboard-bullet, cardboard plug (Fließpappe-Pfropfen) between bullet and propellant powder. Safe distance given at 25 m (27 yd).
• Exerzierpatrone ('drill cartridge' ) — two variants:
  • Exerzierpatrone S.K. ('drill cartridge S.K.') with vertical grooves in the brass for aiming exercises.
  • Werkzeugpatrone s.S. ('toolcartridge s.S.') with the same weight as a s.S. ball cartridge for examining the functioning of a firearms action. A horizontal ring of small holes above the extractor grooves differentiated the Werkzeug round from the s.S. ball cartridge.
• Beschußpatrone s.S. ('proof cartridge s.S.') — proof test cartridge that produced 450 MPa (65,267 psi) proof pressure. This is lower than the civilian C.I.P. 487.50 MPa (70,706 psi) PE piezo pressure proof test required for new or old refurbished 7.92×57mm Mauser chambered arms.^[3]
• Anschußpatrone s.S. ('sighting-in cartridge s.S.') — s.S. cartridge purpose-manufactured with particularly low production tolerances. These were used for zeroing in new arms. Due to their precision they were also popular with snipers. There were no markings on the cartridge itself present to distinguish it from a normal s.S. cartridge. For recognition the cartridge boxes had a label with the word Anschuß on the outside.

British military ammunition[edit]

British cartridges included 'ball', 'armour-piercing', 'tracer', and 'incendiary'. Blanks and a drill round were also available for instruction purposes. The drill round was an aluminium bullet fixed in a chromium-plated case which had three deep lengthwise recesses painted red to identify it. Ammunition was supplied in belted form with 225 rounds per belt.^[16]

The ball case was filled with a charge of around 45 grains (3 g) of nitro-cellulose.^[16]

The British cartridge was used in only one weapon—the Besa machine gun. This was a Czechoslovak ZB-53 design adopted shortly before the war as a move towards rimless ammunition across the armed service. However the move was disrupted by the lead up to war. The BESA was only fitted to tanks and armoured cars of British design (the original Czech design was also produced for German use following the occupation of Czechoslovakia) and captured German ammunition was used when available.

Polish military ammunition[edit]

The cartridges manufactured in Poland during the interwar period were mainly copies or modifications of the corresponding original German cartridge designs. The standard rifle cartridge was loaded with the 9.9 g (152.8 gr) S bullet (Spiczasty, 'Pointed [Ball]'), a copy of the 1905 pattern German S Patrone. For machine guns a cartridge variant loaded with the heavier 12.8 g (197.5 gr) SC bullet (Spiczasty Ciężki, 'Pointed, Heavy [Ball]') — a copy of the German 1934 pattern s.S. cartridge — was used. The variant loaded with the armor-piercing P bullet (przeciwpancerny) was a copy of the German SmK cartridge. The armor-piercing-with-tracer PS (przeciwpancerny smugowy) and incendiary Z (zapalający) cartridges were Polish modifications of the original German counterpart designs. The Polish designed a machine gun cartridge loaded with the long-range D bullet (dalekosiężny), which offered a maximum plunging fire range of 5,200 m (5,687 yd) to 5,500 m (6,015 yd).^[14]

Romanian military ammunition[edit]

The Romanian military used the 7.92×57mm Mauser cartridge as standard issue from its independence. It gradually converted over in the 1950s and 1960s to using Warsaw Pact standard calibers.

The 7.92 LPS gs MD71 (7.92×56mm) cartridge was manufactured in Romania by their Factory 22 (UM Sadu) from 1972 to 1978. It had a 10 g (154.3 gr) Semi-Armor-Piercing bullet with a copper jacket and mild steel core, corrosive VT stick propellant, and a Berdan-primed steel case with a green lacquer coating. The case mouth and primer pocket were sealed with a red sealant.^{[citation needed]} It is unusual in that it has a uniform 56mm-long case, perhaps for cleaner extraction when used in belt-fed 8mm machine guns. Since it is from the portion after the neck, it chambers and feeds safely and extracts positively. It has sometimes been confused with the rather different Hungarian 8×56mmR Mannlicher cartridge. Some cartrologists mistakenly believed it to be an experimental rimless pointed-bullet Hungarian 'sniper rifle cartridge' developed by Hungary's Factory 22 (Andezit Muvek) until it became available as surplus.^{[citation needed]}

It is not clear why the cartridge was manufactured, as the Romanian military used the standard Communist-Bloc 7.62mm M91 Mosin-Nagant rifle round. Some believe it may have been for an experimental self-loading rifle or for a Communist Bloc client.^{[citation needed]} It was most likely for use in the obsolete 8mm vz 24 rifles and MG 42 machine guns used by the Romanian Garzile Patriotice ('Patriotic Guards') from 1968 to the early 1980s.

Yugoslav military ammunition[edit]

After World War II the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia used the 7.92×57mm Mauser as a military service round. The Yugoslav National Army (JNA) designated their 7.92×57mm Mauser ammunition as 7.9 mm. At the end of the 1940s the Yugoslav National Army adopted a 7.9 mm cartridge, ball M49 variant, designated M49, as infantry ammunition.^[37] As extra accurate ammunition for sniper and designated marksman use the Yugoslav National Army adopted a 7.9 mm cartridge, sniper, with universal ball M75, designated M75.^[38] Besides ball ammunition the Yugoslav National Army also adopted a tracer round 7.9 mm cartridge, ball with tracer M70, designated M70. The M70 tracer round burns out to 900 m (980 yd).^[39] For training and ceremonial use a 7.9 mm cartridge, blank was adopted.^[40] After the breakup of Yugoslavia this ammunition was extensively used in the 1990s during the Yugoslav wars.

The 7.92×57mm Mauser as parent case[edit]

This was the parent case for many other later cartridges, such as:

See also[edit]

Contemporary military rifle cartridges

Notes[edit]

Footnotes[edit]

Citations[edit]

1. ^ ^abRWS Rifle Cartridge Brochure showing 8×57mm IR, 8×57mm IS and 8×57mm IRS cartridge offerings at page 9
2. ^ ^ab'SAAMI 8mm MAUSER (7.92×57) cartridge and chamber drawings'(PDF). saami.org. Retrieved 8 May 2018.^{[permanent dead link]}
3. ^ ^abcdef'C.I.P. TDCC datasheet 8 x 57 IS'(PDF). cip-bobp.org. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
4. ^ ^abcd'WILD UND HUND - WILD UND HUND'(PDF). WILD UND HUND. Archived from the original(PDF) on 2011-10-01. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
5. ^US PAT No. RE12927
6. ^'Projectile for hand-firearms'. google.com. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
7. ^ ^abcd'8mm, Mauser, 8X57, 7.92X57, 7,92X57, 7.8X57, 7.8, 7.90, 7.92, Springfield, .30-03, .30-06. 8X57R, J, S, JR, JRS, Special, Remington, Winchester, Norma, RWS, DWM, German, Turk, Turkish, Turkey, Equador, Equadorian, Yugolavia, Yugoslavian, Czechoslovakia, C'. omegacrossroads.com. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
8. ^ ^ab'20th Century German Military Arms and Ammo - RifleShooter'. rifleshootermag.com. 18 February 2016. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
9. ^'Machine Gun 42'. tactical-life.com. 16 January 2009. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
10. ^'Remington's 8×57 Classic'. rifleshootermag.com. Archived from the original on 2004-08-23. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
11. ^ ^abTable IIArchived 2011-05-24 at the Wayback Machine pages 31-32.
12. ^Firestone, Adam C. 'Book Review, January 2002'. www.cruffler.com. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
13. ^http://gotavapen.se/gota/artiklar/rifles_se/gev39_40.htm Swedish
14. ^ ^abDąbrowski, Jarosław. Amunicja małokalibrowa kampanii wrześniowej (Small-calibre ammunition of the September campaign) in: 'Strzał' 10/2010, pp. 18-24 (in Polish)
15. ^ Nordisk Våpenforum, Norske militærpatroner, Vidar Andresen, nr 3-1985, page 46
16. ^ ^abcRoyal Armoured Corps Tank Museum (1983). Churchill Tank: Vehicle History and Specification. H.M. Stationery Office. pp. 100–102. ISBN978-0-11-290404-5.
17. ^Military Intelligence Service, Special Series No. 14, May 25, 1943 Section V: AMMUNITION 27. RIFLE AND MACHINE-GUN AMMUNITION (7.92-MM)
18. ^Catalog of Enemy Ordnance Originally Published by U.S. Office of Chief of Ordnance, 1945
19. ^'ANSI/SAAMI Centerfire Rifle Z.299.4 1992 - Pages 19 and 24 of 240'(PDF). Archived from the original(PDF) on 2010-11-29. Retrieved 2010-12-30.
20. ^ANSI/SAAMI Velocity & Pressure Data: Centerfire RifleArchived 2013-07-02 at the Wayback Machine
21. ^ ^abcdefMaj. James C. Beyer, MC; Maj. James K. Arima, MSC & Doris W. Johnson. 'Enemy Ordnance Materiel'. Wound Ballistics. Office of the Surgeon General Department of the Army. pp. 52–53.
22. ^ ^ab'7.9mm Mauser Polte factory drawings of various German military cartridge variants, projectiles and cartridge case'. scarlet.be. Archived from the original on 2016-05-12. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
23. ^ ^abcdefgh'Die Patrone 7.92mm (8x57)'(PDF). waffen-welt.de. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
24. ^'FN Mauser Model 98 rifle and carbine operator's manual'(PDF). textfiles.com. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
25. ^Towards a “600 m” lightweight General Purpose Cartridge, v2015 p. 12
26. ^Peter R. Senich: German Sniper 1914-45, Page 91
27. ^'7.9mm Mauser drawing of s.S. proofing projectile without cannelure'. scarlet.be. Archived from the original on 2012-02-19. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
28. ^'The Case for a General-Purpose Rifle and Machine Gun Cartridge (GPC) by Anthony G Williams'. nildram.co.uk. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
29. ^'Form Factors: A Useful Analysis Tool - Berger Bullets Blog'. bergerbullets.com. 16 May 2011. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
30. ^Patrone S.m.E.
31. ^Patrone S.m.E. lg
32. ^Patrone S.m.E. lg Schnittmodell
33. ^W. Reibert, Der Dienst-Unterricht im Heere, Ausgabe für den Schützen der Schützenkompanie, edition 1940, pp. 169f.
34. ^'7.9mm Mauser color codes drawings of various German military cartridge variantse'. scarlet.be. Archived from the original on 23 February 2018. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
35. ^ ^abcdef'Handbuch der Flugzeug Bordwaffenmunition 1936 - 1945, page 218'(PDF). lexpev.nl (in German). Retrieved 8 May 2018.
36. ^Albrecht Wacker (2000). Im Auge des Jägers: der Wehrmachts-Scharfschütze Franz Karner ; (eine biographische Studie). ISBN978-3-932077-12-8.
37. ^'Marstar Canada - 7.9mm Cartridge, Ball M49'. www.marstar.ca. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
38. ^'Marstar Canada - 7.9mm Cartridge, Sniper, with Universal ball M75'. www.marstar.ca. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
39. ^'Marstar Canada - 7.9mm Cartridge, Ball with tracer M70'. www.marstar.ca. Retrieved 8 May 2018.
40. ^'Marstar Canada - Yugoslavian Ammunition Production'. www.marstar.ca. Retrieved 8 May 2018.

References[edit]

• C.I.P. CD-ROM edition 2007
• C.I.P. decisions, texts and tables

External links[edit]

7.92 57mm Mauser Vs 30 06

• 7,92 Mauser WWII (Italian)